docs: Document the deployment

Add a top-level README mapping the boxes and a full docs/ tree: topic
pages (architecture, networking, deployment), per-site box pages for
colony and home with containers nested under their hosts, remote and
mobile boxes, the installer, and the home switch fabric reference
(folded in from home-switches.md, with AGENTS.md and code comments
retargeted to its new home). Box pages carry marked assignment tables
that CI regenerates from nixos.allAssignments.

AGENTS.md points at the new docs and keeps its terse agent version of
the mechanics, referring to the topic pages for depth.
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# Home site
The home network (domain `h.nul.ie`): a redundant pair of routers in front of a VM host, an
NVMe-oF storage target, an IoT container host, and a workstation. The two routers — `river` (a VM)
and `stream` (a physical box) — are built from one shared
[`routing-common`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common) definition as an active/backup VRRP
pair, and everything clients touch (gateway, DNS) is a floating VIP that follows the master.
- **Source:** [`nixos/boxes/home/`](../../../nixos/boxes/home)
## Hierarchy
```
h.nul.ie
├── palace (physical VM host — AMD, 100G, SR-IOV)
│ ├── river ── primary router VM (PPPoE / Digiweb WAN)
│ ├── cellar ─ NVMe-oF / SPDK storage target VM
│ └── sfh ──── container host VM ("services for home")
│ ├── hass ── Home Assistant + Frigate + MQTT (container)
│ └── unifi ─ UniFi controller (container)
├── stream (physical secondary router — Virgin Media WAN)
└── castle (workstation / gaming desktop — netboot, NVMe-oF root)
```
## Machines
| Box | Role | Host | Page |
|---|---|---|---|
| `palace` | VM host | physical | [palace.md](palace.md) |
| `river` | Primary router (VRRP pair with `stream`) | VM on `palace` | [river.md](river.md) |
| `stream` | Secondary router (VRRP pair with `river`) | physical | [stream.md](stream.md) |
| `cellar` | NVMe-oF / SPDK storage target | VM on `palace` | [cellar.md](cellar.md) |
| `sfh` | NixOS container host | VM on `palace` | [sfh.md](sfh.md) |
| `castle` | Workstation / gaming desktop | physical | [castle.md](castle.md) |
| `hass` | Home Assistant + Frigate + MQTT | container on `sfh` | [sfh/containers/hass.md](sfh/containers/hass.md) |
| `unifi` | UniFi controller | container on `sfh` | [sfh/containers/unifi.md](sfh/containers/unifi.md) |
## Router VIPs
Clients never use a router's real address: `kea` (DHCP) and `radvd` (RAs) hand out the per-VLAN
floating VIPs as both gateway and DNS server, and `keepalived` moves them between `river` and
`stream`. They are declared as pseudo-systems (`router-hi` / `router-lo` / `router-ut`) in
`routing-common`'s `extraAssignments`, with addresses from `lib.my.c.home.vips`
([`lib/constants.nix`](../../../lib/constants.nix)); `pdns-recursor` binds them on both routers
(`ip_nonlocal_bind`) so DNS follows the master instead of relying on client resolver timeouts.
| Pseudo-system | Network | IPv4 | IPv6 |
|---|---|---|---|
| `router-hi` | `hi` (VLAN 100) | `192.168.71.254/22` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:1::ffff/64` |
| `router-lo` | `lo` (VLAN 110) | `192.168.79.254/21` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:2::ffff/64` |
| `router-ut` | `untrusted` (VLAN 120) | `192.168.80.254/24` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:3::ffff/64` |
Notes:
- The IPv6 gateway clients learn from RAs is the link-local `fe80::1` on each VLAN (a
`virtual_ipaddress_excluded` VIP; `radvd` advertises from it), not the global VIP above.
- `keepalived` also floats a VIP on the `as211024` mesh interface (`10.100.50.4`,
`2a0e:97c0:4df:0:1::ffff`) — it has no pseudo-system because nothing client-facing uses it.
- The `untrusted` VLAN is an exception to "DNS follows the master": its DHCP/RA options hand out
Cloudflare resolvers (`1.1.1.1` / `2606:4700:4700::1111`), not the VIP.
## Networks
| Network | VLAN | IPv4 | IPv6 | MTU |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `core` | native | `192.168.64.0/24` | — | 1500 |
| `hi` | 100 | `192.168.68.0/22` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:1::/64` | 9000 |
| `lo` | 110 | `192.168.72.0/21` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:2::/64` | 1500 |
| `untrusted` | 120 | `192.168.80.0/24` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:3::/64` | 1500 |
| `wan` (stream) | 130 | DHCP public lease + modem mgmt `192.168.0.0/24` | — | 1500 |
| `pon-isp` (river) | 10 | PPPoE transport (no L3) | — | 1508 |
| `wan-pon-ont` (river) | 140 | ONT mgmt `192.168.100.0/24` | — | 1500 |
The logical network map lives in [networking.md](../../networking.md).
## Switch fabric
The boxes hang off three hand-configured switches — `jim` and `dave` (MikroTik, RouterOS) and
`brian` (Ubiquiti, UniFi) — which are **not** managed by this flake. The physical topology, VLAN
map, the Digiweb WAN path (trunked VLAN 10 + PVID 140 at the ONT edge), and the multi-ONT plan are
documented in [switches.md](switches.md).
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# castle
The home workstation / gaming desktop. Diskless-style: it netboots from `river` and keeps its
root storage on NVMe-oF volumes from `cellar`.
- **Source:** [`nixos/boxes/home/castle/`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/castle) (`default.nix`)
- **Host:** physical
## Role
- AMD desktop running the GUI stack (`my.gui.enable`, Sway/Wayland via home-manager), PipeWire
(low-latency `quantum 128`, EasyEffects, jacktrip), Bluetooth, Thunderbolt (`bolt`).
- **Netboot client** (`my.netboot.client.enable`): the firmware iPXE-boots off the 2.5G NIC —
kea's client-class for `castle` matches `et2.5g`'s MAC (`c8:7f:54:6e:17:0f`) and points at
`boot.h.nul.ie` on [`river`](river.md).
- **Root on NVMe-oF**: `/nix`, `/persist` and `/home` are `/dev/nvmeof/*` LVs on the
`nqn.2016-06.io.spdk:castle` namespace from [`cellar`](cellar.md) (`my.nvme.boot`,
`192.168.68.80`, RDMA). The initrd brings up `et100g`/`lan-hi` plus `roceBootModules` to reach
it, and the running system keeps `KeepConfiguration=static` on `lan-hi` so networkd never drops
the NVMe-oF address. The root itself is a 24 GiB tmpfs (`my.tmproot`).
- Local virtualisation: `libvirtd` + `virt-manager` are enabled and the IOMMU is on
(`amd_iommu=on`), but no VFIO/GPU-passthrough is configured in the box config today.
- Both firewalls are off (`networking.firewall.enable` and `my.firewall.enable` — it's a trusted
desktop on `hi`).
- Misc: `binfmt` emulation for `aarch64-linux`/`armv7l-linux`, `recursive-nix`, Wireshark,
`rdma-core`/`qperf` for the RoCE link. A `drm-amd-display` flicker patch sits commented out in
`kernelPatches`.
## Network assignments
<!-- assignments: castle -->
<!-- assignments-start -->
| Name | Assignment | IPv4 | IPv6 | Domain | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| castle | hi | `192.168.68.40/22 gw 192.168.71.254` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:1::3:1/64` | h.nul.ie | |
<!-- assignments-end -->
## Networking
- `et100g` (100G, MTU 9000) carries `lan-hi` (the `hi` assignment, statically `.40` — also pinned
by a kea reservation on its MAC) and `lan-lo`.
- `lan-lo` is a secondary leg: DHCPv4 with `UseGateway`/`UseDNS` off and RAs accepted with
gateway/DNS use off — present for reaching `lo` devices, never a default route.
- `et2.5g` (netboot) and `et10g` are renamed but carry no network config.
## Notable config files
- [`nixos/boxes/home/castle/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/castle/default.nix) — box
config: netboot/NVMe-oF boot, 100G networking, GUI/audio, virtualisation.
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# cellar
The home storage target. A VM on `palace` that drives three passed-through NVMe disks with SPDK
and exports them over NVMe-oF/RDMA — `river`, `sfh` and `castle` all run their root storage off
it.
- **Source:** [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/cellar/`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/cellar)
(`default.nix`, `spdk.nix`)
- **Host:** VM on `palace`
## Role
- Runs an **SPDK userspace target** (`my.spdk`, [`spdk.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/cellar/spdk.nix)):
the kernel `nvme` driver is blacklisted so SPDK can claim the three NVMe controllers directly
(host BDFs `41:00.0``43:00.0`, attached in the guest as `02:00.0``04:00.0`).
- Builds a **RAID-0** (`NVMeRaid`, 64 KiB strip) across the three drives and exports one
partition per consumer as an **NVMe-oF subsystem over RDMA** (port 4420) on the `hi` network:
| Bdev | NQN | Consumer |
|---|---|---|
| `NVMeRaidp1` | `nqn.2016-06.io.spdk:river` | [`river`](river.md) |
| `NVMeRaidp2` | `nqn.2016-06.io.spdk:castle` | [`castle`](castle.md) |
| `NVMeRaidp3` | `nqn.2016-06.io.spdk:sfh` | [`sfh`](sfh.md) |
Each subsystem is pinned to its consumer's `hostnqn` (the `my.nvme.uuid` on the client side).
- `spdk-tgt` is ordered after `lan-hi` is online; the RDMA listener binds the `hi` address
(`192.168.68.80:4420`). The VM itself is pinned to NUMA node 1 on `palace` and gets SR-IOV VF 0.
- `netdata` (port 19999 allowed in the firewall) and `fstrim`.
- Deploy address `192.168.68.80` (`my.deploy.node.hostname`).
## Network assignments
<!-- assignments: cellar -->
<!-- assignments-start -->
| Name | Assignment | IPv4 | IPv6 | Domain | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cellar | hi | `192.168.68.80/22 gw 192.168.71.254` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:1::4:1/64` | h.nul.ie | |
<!-- assignments-end -->
## Notes
- The `ublk_*` calls in `my.spdk.debugCommands` are only a debugging aid — they create a local
ublk device so the RAID can be mounted and inspected on `cellar` itself. Client exports are the
`nvmf` subsystems above.
## Notable config files
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/cellar/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/cellar/default.nix) —
box config (assignment, networking, netdata).
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/cellar/spdk.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/cellar/spdk.nix) —
SPDK target: RAID-0, NVMe-oF/RDMA subsystems.
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/default.nix) —
the VM definition on `palace` (VF 0, NVMe passthrough, NUMA pinning).
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# palace
The physical VM host for the home site. Runs the `river`, `cellar` and `sfh` VMs and feeds them
SR-IOV VFs, PCI NVMe drives and LVM disks.
- **Source:** [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/default.nix)
(VM definitions in [`palace/vms/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/default.nix))
- **Host:** physical
## Role
- Home hypervisor: VMs are declared in `my.vms.instances`
([`palace/vms/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/default.nix)); disks are LVs in
the `main` thin pool (`services.lvm.boot.thin.enable`).
- AMD box (`kvm-amd`, `amd_iommu=on`, microcode updates); the kernel is built with
`ACPI_APEI_PCIEAER`/`PCIEAER` for the PCIe passthrough work below.
- Deploy address `192.168.68.22` (`my.deploy.node.hostname`).
## Network assignments
<!-- assignments: palace -->
<!-- assignments-start -->
| Name | Assignment | IPv4 | IPv6 | Domain | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| palace-core | core | `192.168.64.20/24` | — | h.nul.ie | |
| palace | hi | `192.168.68.22/22 gw 192.168.71.254` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:1::2:1/64` | h.nul.ie | |
<!-- assignments-end -->
## Networking
- 100G `et100g` (mlx5, MTU 9000) uplinks to the `dave` switch and carries `lan-hi` (VLAN 100,
the `hi` assignment). A udev rule creates **4 SR-IOV VFs** on the PF, distributed in
`50-et100g`'s `[SR-IOV]` sections: VF 0 → `cellar` (VLAN hi), VF 1 → `river` (no VLAN — river
tags all of its own VLANs, including both WAN VLANs, on this trunk), VF 2 → `sfh` (VLAN hi),
VF 3 → `sfh`'s container MACVLAN parent (VLAN hi).
- `lan-core` is a bridge with the `core` assignment (`192.168.64.20`, no gateway); the 1G
`lan-core-phy` and the `lan-lo-phy` VLAN ride on it. `lan-lo` is a second, L3-less bridge used
for VM netboot and `lo` clients.
- The 1G `et1g0` (igb) is exported to `river` as a passthru-mode macvtap (`vm-et1g0`) — river sees
it as `wan-old`.
## VMs
| VM | vCPUs | RAM | Passthrough | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `cellar` | 8c × 2t | 16 GiB | VF 0 (`44:00.1`); NVMe `41:00.0``43:00.0` | pinned to NUMA node 1; split IRQ chip + vIOMMU |
| `river` | 3c × 2t | 4 GiB | VF 1 (`44:00.2`); macvtap `vm-et1g0` | only an ESP local disk (plus an installer ISO) — root is NVMe-oF from `cellar` |
| `sfh` | 8c × 2t | 32 GiB | VF 2 (`44:00.3`), VF 3 (`44:00.4`); two USB host ports | no boot disk — netboots; gets the `hdds/frigate` LV |
Boot ordering is enforced with systemd dependencies: `vm@river` waits for `cellar`'s SSH port (and
for the `vm-et1g0` device), and `vm@sfh` waits for `river` — storage first, then the router, then
everything that boots off both.
## Notable config files
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/default.nix) — host
hardware, networkd (links/bridges/SR-IOV), LVM.
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/default.nix) —
VM instances and boot ordering.
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# river
The primary home router. A VM on `palace`, built from `routing-common` at index 0; it runs PPPoE
to Digiweb directly on the ISP's VLAN 10 and normally holds the master side of the VRRP pair with
[`stream`](stream.md).
- **Source:** [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/river.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/river.nix)
(shared router config: [`routing-common`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common), index 0)
- **Host:** VM on `palace`
## Role
- Primary of the router pair: `routing-common` index 0 → keepalived starts `MASTER` (priority
255), kea serves the lower-half DHCP pools, the zone's SOA/`ns1` point here.
- Everything from `routing-common`: keepalived/VRRP ([`keepalived.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/keepalived.nix)),
PowerDNS recursor + authoritative with a blocklist ([`dns.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/dns.nix)),
kea DHCP + DDNS ([`kea.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/kea.nix)), radvd
([`radvd.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/radvd.nix)), NAT/firewall, the
`as211024` L2 mesh link back to colony, `iperf3`, `nginx`. See
[networking.md](../../networking.md) for the logical view and [README.md](README.md#router-vips)
for the floating VIPs.
- **Netboot server** for `sfh` and `castle` (`my.netboot.server`): iPXE/TFTP at
`boot.h.nul.ie` (a CNAME to `river-hi`), served from the `lo` address `192.168.72.1` and
restricted to the hi/lo prefixes.
- **NVMe-oF client of `cellar`**: the VM's only local disk is an ESP (an installer ISO is also
still attached); `/nix` and `/persist` are LVs on the `nqn.2016-06.io.spdk:river` namespace
exported by `cellar` (`192.168.68.80`, RDMA).
The initrd brings up `lan-hi` with the RoCE modules (`roceBootModules`), and
`KeepConfiguration=static` on `lan-hi` stops networkd from dropping the NVMe-oF address on
reconfigure.
- **SR-IOV VF passthrough**: the 100G `lan` NIC is VF 1 of palace's `et100g` (MAC
`52:54:00:8a:8a:f2`, MTU 9000). All router VLANs — hi/lo/untrusted plus both WAN VLANs — are
tagged on top of it (`55-lan`).
- Also carries a macvtap passthrough of palace's 1G `et1g0`, renamed `wan-old` — the pre-100G WAN
path, kept around with no L3 config today.
- Deploy address `192.168.68.1` (`my.deploy.node.hostname`).
## Network assignments
<!-- assignments: river -->
<!-- assignments-start -->
| Name | Assignment | IPv4 | IPv6 | Domain | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| river | as211024 | `10.100.50.2/24` | `2a0e:97c0:4df:0:1::1/64 gw 2a0e:97c0:4df:0:2::1` | — | |
| river-core | core | `192.168.64.1/24` | — | h.nul.ie | |
| river-hi | hi | `192.168.68.1/22` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:1::1/64` | h.nul.ie | |
| river-lo | lo | `192.168.72.1/21` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:2::1/64` | h.nul.ie | |
| river-ut | untrusted | `192.168.80.1/24` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:3::1/64` | h.nul.ie | |
<!-- assignments-end -->
## WAN (Digiweb PPPoE)
- `services.pppd` peer `digiweb` attaches PPPoE directly to `wan-pon-isp`
(`plugin pppoe.so wan-pon-isp`) — the **raw ISP VLAN 10** (`vlans.pon-isp`), trunked
untranslated from the ONT through `brian` and `dave` (the fabric side is in
[switches.md](switches.md)). The netdev is up with no L3; `MTUBytes=1508` (baby jumbo) absorbs
PPPoE's 8-byte overhead so the `wan` ppp interface gets a clean `mtu`/`mru 1500`.
- The Digiweb static IP (`84.203.124.128`, `elemAt routersPubV4 0`) is requested as the local
address in IPCP. Auth is the across-all-customers shared `digiweb@nga.digiweb.ie` / `digiweb`
(deliberately not a secret); `persist`, `maxfail 0`, 1s LCP echoes. `usepeerdns` is absent on
purpose — Digiweb's resolvers are ignored in favour of the local recursor.
- **ONT management**: `wan-pon-ont` (VLAN 140, PVID'd at the `brian` edge) holds
`192.168.100.100/24` so the ONT web UI at `192.168.100.1` is reachable — the `.100` mirrors
stream's modem-management convention.
- **`wan-online.target`** is the shared "public WAN is up" gate declared by `routing-common`;
here it is driven by the pppd hooks (`DefaultDependencies=false`, so nothing pulls it in
early): `ip-up` installs `default dev wan scope link metric 100` and starts the target,
`ip-down` stops it and deletes the route. Consumers (`ipsec`, `ipv6-clear-default-route`)
attach with `wantedBy` + `partOf`, so they re-load on every WAN flap.
- The `wan-ifb` ingress-shaping pieces from `routing-common` are inert on this box: the CAKE
config itself is stream's, and `networkd-dispatcher` (which installs the `tc` mirror) is
`mkForce false` here pending scheduling testing.
## Notable config files
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/river.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/river.nix) — box
config: pppd, WAN VLANs, `wan-online.target` hooks, netboot server, NVMe-oF boot.
- [`nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/default.nix) —
shared router definition (assignments, firewall/NAT, `as211024`).
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/default.nix) —
the VM definition on `palace` (VF 1, macvtap, ESP disk).
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# sfh
"Services for home" — the NixOS container host for the home site. A VM on `palace` that netboots
from `river` and runs its root off NVMe-oF from `cellar`.
- **Source:** [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh)
(`default.nix`, `containers/`)
- **Host:** VM on `palace`
## Role
- Runs the home NixOS containers via `my.containers.instances` (systemd-nspawn); each container is
its own `nixos.systems.*` entry rendered through `my.asContainer`.
- **Netboot client** (`my.netboot.client.enable`): the VM has no boot disk — its `netboot` NIC
(MAC `52:54:00:a5:7e:93`, on palace's `lan-lo` bridge, `bootindex=1`) is matched by a kea
client-class on [`river`](river.md) and iPXE-boots from `boot.h.nul.ie`.
- **Root on NVMe-oF**: `my.nvme.boot` connects to `nqn.2016-06.io.spdk:sfh` at `192.168.68.80`
([`cellar`](cellar.md), RDMA) from the initrd (`lan-hi` up + `roceBootModules`); `/nix` and
`/persist` are LVs on that volume. `KeepConfiguration=static` on `lan-hi` protects the
NVMe-oF address from networkd reconfigures.
- **Frigate footage disk**: palace passes the `hdds/frigate` LVM LV through as a virtio disk;
sfh mounts it at `/mnt/frigate` (by label) and bind-mounts it into the `hass` container at
`/var/lib/frigate`.
- USB: two host ports are passed to the VM (qemu flags) for the Zigbee coordinator and webcam used
by `hass`; the nspawn unit gets `DeviceAllow` for `char-ttyUSB` and `char-video4linux`.
## Network assignments
<!-- assignments: sfh -->
<!-- assignments-start -->
| Name | Assignment | IPv4 | IPv6 | Domain | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sfh | hi | `192.168.68.81/22 gw 192.168.71.254` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:1::4:2/64` | h.nul.ie | |
<!-- assignments-end -->
## Networking
Four NICs, all MTU 9000 where jumbo-capable:
- `lan-hi` — SR-IOV VF 2, the box's own `hi` assignment (`192.168.68.81`).
- `lan-hi-ctrs` — SR-IOV VF 3, no L3: the MACVLAN parent for the containers' `hi` legs
(`host0` inside each container).
- `lan-core-ctrs` / `lan-lo-ctrs` — virtio NICs (bridged to palace's `lan-core` / `lan-lo`), no
L3: MACVLAN parents for containers that need a `core` or `lo` leg.
The per-container MACVLAN wiring lives in `systemd.nspawn.*.networkConfig` in
[`sfh/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/default.nix).
## Containers
| Container | Role | Page |
|---|---|---|
| `hass` | Home Assistant + Frigate + MQTT | [sfh/containers/hass.md](sfh/containers/hass.md) |
| `unifi` | UniFi controller | [sfh/containers/unifi.md](sfh/containers/unifi.md) |
## Notable config files
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/default.nix) —
box config: netboot/NVMe-oF boot, container instances, MACVLAN plumbing, Frigate disk.
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers/`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers) —
the container system definitions.
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/default.nix) —
the VM definition on `palace` (VFs, USB passthrough, netboot NIC, `hdds/frigate` disk).
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# hass
Home automation container: Home Assistant plus its supporting services (MQTT, camera restreaming,
Frigate NVR), running on [`sfh`](../../sfh.md).
- **Source:** [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers/hass.nix`](../../../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers/hass.nix)
- **Host:** NixOS container on `sfh`
## Role
- **Home Assistant** (`services.home-assistant`) — declarative config (`configWritable = false`),
components `esphome`, `zha`, `denonavr`, `webostv`, `androidtv_remote`, `heos`, `mqtt`, `wled`,
`met`, `google_translate`; custom components `alarmo`, `frigate`, `west_wood_club`; a custom
Irish Rail sensor (Glenageary ↔ Dublin Connolly). A `hass-cli` wrapper is on the box, wired to
the local server with a token from `my.secrets`.
- **mosquitto** — MQTT broker (anonymous local listener; port 1883 allowed, alongside HTTP).
- **go2rtc** — restreams the Reolink living-room camera (RTSP from `reolink-living-room`, on the
`lo` leg) and the office USB webcam (`/dev/video0` via ffmpeg).
- **Frigate** (`services.frigate`, `frigate.h.nul.ie` — the `frigate` alt name on the `hi`
assignment) — records both restreamed cameras with 1-day retention; detection is disabled.
- External access is via `https://hass.nul.ie` through the `middleman` reverse proxy
(`trusted_proxies`); internally it's `hass-ctr.h.nul.ie`.
- Not a deploy-rs target (`my.deploy.enable = false`) — it's rendered via `my.asContainer` and
started by `sfh`'s `my.containers.instances`.
## Network assignments
<!-- assignments: hass -->
<!-- assignments-start -->
| Name | Assignment | IPv4 | IPv6 | Domain | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hass-ctr (frigate) | hi | `192.168.68.103/22 gw 192.168.71.254` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:1::5:3/64` | h.nul.ie | |
| hass-ctr-lo | lo | `192.168.72.103/21` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:2::5:3/64` | h.nul.ie | |
<!-- assignments-end -->
## Storage
Frigate footage lives on a **separate HDD LV**: `palace` passes the `hdds/frigate` LVM LV to the
`sfh` VM, sfh mounts it at `/mnt/frigate`, and the container bind-mounts it at `/var/lib/frigate`
(read-write). This keeps recording churn off the NVMe-oF root.
## Devices
Passed through from `sfh` (USB host ports on `palace`):
- Nabu Casa Connect ZBT-1 Zigbee coordinator → `/dev/ttyUSB0` (used by `zha`).
- USB webcam → `/dev/video0` (go2rtc's `webcam_office` stream).
- `/dev/bus/usb/001/002` (raw USB device node).
## Networking
MACVLAN legs created from `sfh`'s container NICs: `host0` on `lan-hi-ctrs` (the `hi` assignment,
alt name `frigate`, default gateway via the VIP) and `lan-lo` on `lan-lo-ctrs` (the `lo`
assignment, no gateway) — the `lo` leg reaches the IoT devices (the Reolink camera lives there).
## Notable config files
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers/hass.nix`](../../../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers/hass.nix) —
container system: Home Assistant, Frigate, mosquitto, go2rtc.
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/default.nix`](../../../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/default.nix) —
the `sfh` side: bind mounts, MACVLAN wiring, `DeviceAllow`.
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# unifi
The UniFi network controller, running as a container on [`sfh`](../../sfh.md). It manages the
home UniFi switch `brian` (see [switches.md](../../switches.md)).
- **Source:** [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers/unifi.nix`](../../../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers/unifi.nix)
- **Host:** NixOS container on `sfh`
## Status
**Currently enabled.** The container spent a while disabled — its import was commented out of
[`containers/default.nix`](../../../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers/default.nix)
while there was no UniFi gear to manage — and was re-enabled when the UniFi switch `brian` was
added, gaining a `core` leg (`unifi-ctr-core`) at the same time so it can reach the switch on its
management network. It is imported, listed in `sfh`'s `my.containers.instances`, and
`services.unifi.enable = true`.
## Role
- **UniFi controller** (`services.unifi`, `pkgs.unifi` on `mongodb-7_0`, firewall open; TCP 8443
allowed).
- Not a deploy-rs target (`my.deploy.enable = false`) — it's rendered via `my.asContainer` and
started by `sfh`'s `my.containers.instances`.
## Network assignments
<!-- assignments: unifi -->
<!-- assignments-start -->
| Name | Assignment | IPv4 | IPv6 | Domain | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unifi-ctr-core | core | `192.168.64.21/24` | — | h.nul.ie | |
| unifi-ctr | hi | `192.168.68.100/22 gw 192.168.71.254` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:1::5:1/64` | h.nul.ie | |
<!-- assignments-end -->
## Networking
Two MACVLAN legs from `sfh`'s container NICs: `host0` on `lan-hi-ctrs` (the `hi` assignment —
`unifi-ctr`, `192.168.68.100`, default gateway via the VIP) and `lan-core` on `lan-core-ctrs`
(the `core` assignment — `unifi-ctr-core`, `192.168.64.21/24`, no gateway). The `core` leg is
how the controller talks to the switches: `brian` lives at `192.168.64.13` on `core`.
## Notable config files
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers/unifi.nix`](../../../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/containers/unifi.nix) —
container system: UniFi service, assignments.
- [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/default.nix`](../../../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/sfh/default.nix) —
the `sfh` side: container instance, MACVLAN wiring.
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# stream
The secondary home router. A physical Intel box, built from `routing-common` at index 1; its WAN
is a DHCP lease from the Virgin Media cable modem, and it is dual-homed to both switches.
- **Source:** [`nixos/boxes/home/stream.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/stream.nix) (shared router
config: [`routing-common`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common), index 1)
- **Host:** physical
## Role
- Backup of the router pair: `routing-common` index 1 → keepalived starts `BACKUP` (priority
254), kea serves the upper-half DHCP pools, the zone's `ns2` points here. Takes over all VIPs
when [`river`](river.md) is down — see [README.md](README.md#router-vips).
- Runs the same `routing-common` services as river: keepalived/VRRP, PowerDNS recursor +
authoritative, kea DHCP + DDNS, radvd, NAT/firewall, the `as211024` L2 mesh, `iperf3`, `nginx`.
- Intel box (`kvm-intel`, `intel_iommu=on`, microcode updates).
- `octoprint` and `mjpg-streamer` (3D-printer services) are defined but **disabled**
(`enable = false`).
- `my.deploy.node.hostname` is currently commented out (it was `192.168.68.2`).
## Network assignments
<!-- assignments: stream -->
<!-- assignments-start -->
| Name | Assignment | IPv4 | IPv6 | Domain | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stream | as211024 | `10.100.50.3/24` | `2a0e:97c0:4df:0:1::2/64 gw 2a0e:97c0:4df:0:2::1` | — | |
| stream-core | core | `192.168.64.2/24` | — | h.nul.ie | |
| stream-hi | hi | `192.168.68.2/22` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:1::2/64` | h.nul.ie | |
| stream-lo | lo | `192.168.72.2/21` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:2::2/64` | h.nul.ie | |
| stream-ut | untrusted | `192.168.80.2/24` | `2a0e:97c0:4d0:3::2/64` | h.nul.ie | |
<!-- assignments-end -->
## WAN (Virgin Media DHCP)
- `wan` is a renamed igc NIC (`00:f0:cb:ee:ca:dd`) towards the cable modem. The modem segment is
switch **VLAN 130** — tagging is handled on the switch (`jim`), so the box interface itself is
untagged. The fabric side is in [switches.md](switches.md).
- `DHCP=ipv4` pulls the public lease; `dhcpV4Config.UseDNS=false` and the interface DNS points at
the local recursor. `IPv6AcceptRA=false` — this is an IPv4-only WAN (public IPv6 arrives over
the tunnel, not this link).
- A **static modem-management address** (`192.168.0.100/24`, host `.100` of `prefixes.modem.v4`)
sits on `wan` alongside the DHCP lease so the modem's web UI stays reachable; it has no
gateway.
- **`wan-online.target`** wiring: `wan-wait-online.service` (a oneshot) polls until the DHCP
default route exists, and the target `requires`/`after`s it (`wantedBy multi-user.target`).
The route — not networkd's wait-online — is the gate because the permanent static modem address
would otherwise report "online" before the public lease arrives, letting `ipsec` start
unoriented (`left=` is the public IP) and never connect.
- **CAKE QoS**: egress is shaped at the `wan` root qdisc (`Bandwidth=48M`); ingress is redirected
by `tc` (`mirred`, installed by the `networkd-dispatcher` rule in `routing-common`) into the
`wan-ifb` IFB at `Bandwidth=490M` with the DOCSIS overhead preset.
### Modem specifics (de-shared from `routing-common`)
The modem's management subnet shares the `wan` interface, which `routing-common` itself knows
nothing about — it declares two per-box options
([`routing-common/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/default.nix)) that this
box sets:
- `my.homeRouter.dns.wanSkipBroadcasts = [ 192.168.0.255 ]` — skip the modem subnet when
auto-selecting the router's own `wan` A record for the zone's LUA record.
- `my.homeRouter.firewall.untrustedRejectV4 = [ 192.168.0.0/24 ]` — reject untrusted clients from
reaching the modem subnet (needed only because it shares `wan`; WAN egress is otherwise
accepted).
## Switching (STP)
`stream` is dual-homed to both switches: `lan-jim` (igc) and `lan-dave` (mlx4_en), both MTU 9000,
are enslaved to the `lan` bridge with `STP=true`. [`routing-common/mstpd.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/mstpd.nix)
runs a patched `mstpd` and forces RSTP on `lan` once it's routable, so exactly one uplink carries
traffic at a time. (The remaining NICs are renamed `et2`/`et5` and left unconfigured.)
## Notable config files
- [`nixos/boxes/home/stream.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/stream.nix) — box config: DHCP WAN,
modem management, CAKE, `wan-online.target` gate, STP bridge.
- [`nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/default.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/default.nix) —
shared router definition (index 1).
- [`nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/mstpd.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/mstpd.nix) —
RSTP on the `lan` bridge.
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# Home switches
Reference for the two MikroTik switches on the home network — **jim** and **dave** — plus the
Ubiquiti switch **brian**, and how the home boxes and the Digiweb WAN hang off them. These switches
are **not** managed by this flake; they are configured by hand (RouterOS on jim/dave, UniFi on
brian). It covers the physical topology, the VLAN map, and how the Digiweb WAN reaches river.
In short: the Digiweb ISP VLAN (10) is trunked straight through to river (which runs PPPoE on it),
and the ONT's untagged management is PVID'd onto VLAN 140 at brian, its edge switch. VLAN 10 is
carried untranslated because a single ONT makes it unique on the fabric — see
[the WAN path](#the-digiweb-wan-path-trunked-vlan-10--pvid-140) and
[why not translation](#why-not-translation-for-one-ont). The router side lives in
[river.md](river.md); the logical network map in [networking.md](../../networking.md).
## The switches
| | jim | dave | brian |
|---|---|---|---|
| Identity | `jim-sw` | `dave-sw` | (UniFi) |
| Model | CRS326-24G-2S+ | CRS504-4XQ | Ubiquiti 10GBASE-T |
| Switch chip | Marvell 98DX3236 | Marvell 98DX4310 (+ Atheros 8227 for the 1G mgmt port) | — |
| OS | RouterOS 7.18 | RouterOS 7.18 | UniFi |
| Ports | 24×1G + 2×SFP+ | 4×QSFP28 (100G, breakout-capable) + 1G mgmt | 10GBASE-T |
| Bridge | `main`, `vlan-filtering=yes` | `main`, `vlan-filtering=yes` | UniFi VLAN profiles |
jim and dave run a single hardware-offloaded bridge (`main`) with VLAN filtering. Access to the
MikroTiks is SSH as `admin` / `admin` by short hostname (see [Accessing the switches](#accessing-the-switches)).
Only jim and dave can do hardware VLAN translation (`/interface ethernet switch rule` on the Marvell
chips); brian cannot rewrite tags, only trunk/PVID them.
## Physical topology
The ONT terminates on brian; jim's `wan-pon-in` (`sfp-sfpplus2`) is a spare SFP+ port.
```
Virgin Media cable modem
│ (VLAN 130)
│ wan1/wan2/wan-in
┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────┴──┐
│ jim CRS326-24G-2S+ (Marvell 98DX3236) │
│ 1G edge ports: castle, fort, pronter, laptop-dock, │
│ palace-kvm, ups, ether15-20, wan1/wan2/wan-in │
│ wan-pon-in (= sfp-sfpplus2) ← spare SFP+ │
└───────┬───────────────────────────────────┬─────────┘
dave-uplink ┤ (= sfp-sfpplus1) │ stream, palace (1G secondaries)
10G trunk│ └── stream (box, dual-homed)
┌─────────┴───────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ dave CRS504-4XQ (Marvell 98DX4310) │
│ jim-downlink = qsfp28-3-1 │
└──┬───────────┬──────────┬───────────────────┬────────────┘
palace(100G) │ castle │ stream │ brian-downlink
= qsfp28-1-1 │ │ │ (802.3ad LAG: brian1+brian2)
┌────────────────┴─┐ … │
│ palace host │ Digiweb (PPPoE) via ONT
│ └ river (VM) │ │
└──────────────────┘ ┌─────┴─────┐
↑ river's WAN + LAN ride the 100G link │ ONT │ untagged mgmt 192.168.100.1
└─────┬─────┘ + tagged VLAN 10 (ISP)
┌────────┴────────┐
│ brian (UniFi) │ PVID 140 on the ONT port,
│ 10GBASE-T │ tagged VLAN 10 allowed through
└────────┬────────┘
└── brian-downlink LAG up to dave
```
Notes:
- **river** runs as a VM on the **palace** host; its uplink is dave's 100G `palace` port. jim also
has 1G `palace`/`stream` ports, but those are secondary links and do **not** carry the WAN.
- **stream** (the second router box) is dual-homed to both jim and dave (STP picks the active path).
- **brian** is a Ubiquiti 10GBASE-T switch, downlinked from dave over an **802.3ad LAG**
(`brian-downlink` = `brian1` + `brian2`, layer-2 hash). It hosts the ONT.
## VLANs
| VLAN | Name | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| — (native) | core | Switch management, `192.168.64.0/24` (jim `.10`, dave `.11`, brian `.13`) |
| 100 | hi | High-performance / jumbo network (MTU 9000) |
| 110 | lo | Standard LAN |
| 120 | untrusted | Guest / untrusted network |
| 130 | wan | **stream's WAN** — Virgin Media cable modem (untagged on jim's `wan1`/`wan2`/`wan-in`) |
| 140 | wan-pon-ont | ONT management, `192.168.100.0/24` (PVID'd at the ONT edge) |
| 10 | pon-isp | Digiweb ISP transport — **trunked straight through** to river, PPPoE runs on it |
| 141 | wan-pon-isp | **Reserved** — the translated ISP VLAN for the future multi-ONT design |
Switch L3 presence (`/interface vlan` on `main`) exists **only** for VLANs the switch is managed
from — `hi` (100) and `lo` (110), plus native core. WAN and guest VLANs deliberately have no switch
L3 interface.
## The Digiweb WAN path (trunked VLAN 10 + PVID 140)
The ONT presents two things on one wire:
- **untagged** management traffic (`192.168.100.x`), and
- **tagged VLAN 10** carrying the Digiweb ISP session (the BRAS requires VLAN 10).
With a **single ONT** there's no reason to translate anything — VLAN 10 is unique on the fabric, so
we just carry it end to end and let river run PPPoE directly on it:
1. **Untagged mgmt → VLAN 140, at the ONT's edge switch (brian).** brian sets the ONT port's PVID to
140 so the untagged management traffic becomes VLAN 140, and allows tagged VLAN 10 through the
same port. river takes `192.168.100.100/24` on VLAN 140 (matching stream's modem-mgmt `.100`) to
reach the ONT web UI at `192.168.100.1`. Doing the PVID at the ONT-facing edge keeps it clean —
the untagged frames never share a domain with anything else.
2. **VLAN 10 (ISP) trunked straight through, untranslated.** brian → dave → palace carry tagged
VLAN 10 by ordinary bridge-VLAN membership. No `/interface ethernet switch rule`, no pinning, no
asymmetric-learning issues — it's just a normal tagged VLAN. river attaches PPPoE to VLAN 10
directly (`wan-pon-isp` netdev = VLAN `pon-isp` = 10; baby-jumbo MTU 1508 so PPP nets a clean
1500).
Net result: **river runs PPPoE single-tagged on VLAN 10 and holds a VLAN 140 address to reach the
ONT.** See [`nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/river.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/palace/vms/river.nix)
for the river side.
```
ONT ──(untagged + VLAN10)── brian ──(VLAN140 + VLAN10)── dave ──(VLAN140 + VLAN10)── river
ONT port │ PVID140 + tagged 10 │ plain bridging
└─ brian-downlink LAG ── dave ┘
```
### Why not translation (for one ONT)?
Translation would swap VLAN 10 → 141 with two pinned hardware ACL rules to keep VLAN 10 off the rest
of the fabric. That buys nothing with a single ONT — VLAN 10 is already unique, so trunking it is
simpler and rule-free. Translation only earns its keep when **two** ONTs both deliver VLAN 10 and
would collide (below).
## Switch configuration
How each switch is set up for the Digiweb WAN path. **Confirm any change on the box before applying**
(see [Accessing the switches](#accessing-the-switches)).
**brian (UniFi)** — hosts the ONT:
- The ONT port has **native/untagged network = VLAN 140** (PVID) and is a **tagged member of VLAN 10**,
so the ONT's untagged management lands on 140 and its tagged ISP frames pass through.
- The `brian-downlink` LAG up to dave trunks **tagged 140 + tagged 10** (alongside the LAN VLANs).
**dave (RouterOS)** — trunks both WAN-pon VLANs to `brian-downlink` and `palace`. The ISP VLAN 10 row:
```
/interface bridge vlan add bridge=main vlan-ids=10 tagged=brian-downlink,palace
```
VLAN 140 also spans `brian-downlink,palace` (it carries a few other members too). No switch rules —
this is plain tagged bridging.
**jim (RouterOS)** — carries **none** of the Digiweb WAN path: no translation rules, and no VLAN
10/140/141 rows. `wan-pon-in` (`sfp-sfpplus2`) sits at `pvid=1` as a spare port. jim only handles
stream's VLAN-130 WAN and the LAN VLANs.
## Future: multiple ONTs (per-port VLAN translation)
If a second ONT arrives (e.g. a Digiweb line for stream, or a second river), trunking breaks: both
ONTs deliver **tagged VLAN 10**, and plain bridge-VLAN filtering can't tell them apart. That's when
translation earns its place — a switch rule matches on the **ingress port**, so each ONT's VLAN 10
becomes a *distinct* fabric VLAN:
- ONT-A port: VLAN 10 → **141** (→ river)
- ONT-B port: VLAN 10 → **142** (→ stream / second river)
- mgmt: PVID each ONT port onto its own VLAN (140, 143, …) so both ONTs' `192.168.100.1` stay in
separate L2/L3 domains.
The forward direction isolates naturally (each ONT maps to a different fabric VLAN). The **return**
direction is where port targeting is mandatory: both translate *back* to VLAN 10, so bridge VLAN 10
now has two members and a plain FDB-miss flood would leak one ONT's upstream to the other. Each
return must be pinned to its port with `new-dst-ports`:
```
# ONT-A: 141 in on palace → 10, forced out ONT-A's port
# ONT-B: 142 in on stream → 10, forced out ONT-B's port
```
Each ONT port must also be a tagged member of bridge VLAN 10 for correct egress tagging (the missing
piece that otherwise shows up as pppd "Timeout waiting for PADO"). The pins bypass the FDB, so the
two ISP sessions never mix.
**Why a new switch:** jim (the only box with spare SFP+ *and* the translation feature) has just
**one** free SFP+ port, so it can't host two ONTs. The plan is a dedicated
**CRS305-1G-4S+** (4×SFP+, same Marvell rule support) to land multiple ONTs and do the per-port
translation there, feeding distinct fabric VLANs up to dave.
## Accessing the switches
The switches resolve by **short hostname** on the home network — the home routers serve their
records in the home zone
([`nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/dns.nix`](../../../nixos/boxes/home/routing-common/dns.nix):
`jim` → hi `.10`, `dave` → hi `.11`, `brian` → core `.13`). From a box on the home network just
`ssh admin@jim` / `admin@dave`. Non-interactive pattern (password auth, avoids the ssh-agent hang):
```
sshpass -p admin ssh -o IdentityAgent=none -o PubkeyAuthentication=no \
-o PreferredAuthentications=password -o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new \
-o UserKnownHostsFile=/tmp/sw_known_hosts admin@jim
```
**Always confirm config changes on the switch** (print the affected menu, apply, re-verify). brian
is UniFi — configured through its controller, not RouterOS CLI.
## Management IPs
| | core (`192.168.64.0/24`) | hi (`192.168.68.0/22`) | lo (`192.168.72.0/21`) |
|---|---|---|---|
| jim | `.10` (on `main`) | `.10` | `.10` |
| dave | `.11` (on `management`, the 1G Atheros port) | `.11` | `.11` |
| brian | `.13` (core) | — | — |